אַרְבַּע מִדּוֹת בְּנוֹתְנֵי צְדָקָה. הָרוֹצֶה שֶׁיִּתֵּן וְלֹא יִתְּנוּ אֲחֵרִים, עֵינוֹ רָעָה בְּשֶׁל אֲחֵרִים. יִתְּנוּ אֲחֵרִים וְהוּא לֹא יִתֵּן, עֵינוֹ רָעָה בְשֶׁלּוֹ. יִתֵּן וְיִתְּנוּ אֲחֵרִים, חָסִיד. לֹא יִתֵּן וְלֹא יִתְּנוּ אֲחֵרִים, רָשָׁע:
Vier Arten gibt es hinsichtlich des Almosen-Spendens: Wer selbst gerne gibt, aber nicht will, dass Andere geben, der ist missgünstig Betreffs des Vermögens Anderer; (wer will) dass Andere geben, nicht aber, dass er gebe, der ist missgünstig in Bezug auf das Seinige; (wer will) dass er gebe und Andere geben, der ist ein Frommer; (wer will) dass er nicht gebe und Andere nicht geben, der ist ein Frevler.
Ibn Ezra
כילי The opposite of שוע. שוע Bountiful. A noble person, whose hands are loose, ready to give, and not closed. Comp. ושוע and turning.8This quotation is to prove that the two roots שוע and שעה are equivalent in meaning: to loosen, to be or to make ready, to move forward, to turn, to look, to trust. שוע is therefore explained by I. E. to be a person whose hands are loose or open, ready to give whenever opportunity is offered.—Rashi likewise derives שוע from שעה ═ שוע to turn, but in a more simple and natural way; a man to whom the eyes of the people are turned for assistance. Adopting a sort of homiletic explanation, כילי may be said to be composed of two words, כי לי for it belongs to me; for he says, שלי שלי what is mine shall remain mine9This is there declared to be מדת סדום the principle of the Sodomites. (Aboth 5:13)
Tosafot Yom Tov
FOUR TYPES OF PEOPLE: HE WHO SAYS, WHAT’S MINE IS MINE, ETC. The mishna is not discussing giving tzedakah, for the types of people who give tzedakah are discussed in mishna 13. It is speaking simply of benefitting from people’s possessions.
Ikar Tosafot Yom Tov
"What is mine, etc.": We are not speaking about givers of charity - as those we teach later [in] Mishnah 13 - but rather about benefit in general.